![]() The campaign against the BPP reached its climax in December 1969, when a Chicago police raid resulted in Hampton’s death. In their efforts to dismantle the party, the counterintelligence program, COINTELPRO, used a combination of sabotage and misinformation. Out of the party’s 2,000+ members, some of the most renowned include the sole female chairman, Elaine Brown, as well as the notable leaders, Fred Hampton, Angela Davis, and Eldridge Cleaver.įrom the beginning, the FBI considered the Black Panthers an enemy of the U.S. In addition to fighting for political and economic equality, the BPP became well known for providing access to medical clinics and free breakfasts for children.Īt the organization’s peak in the late 1960’s, it had chapters in several major American cities. However, the black revolutionary party ultimately evolved into a Marxist revolutionary group that fought for African American weapon rights, exemption from “white American” sanctions, and financial compensation for years of racial exploitation. The organization––originally named the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense––first established neighborhood patrols and protected residents from police brutality. Newton and Bobby Seale established The Black Panther Party (BPP) in Oakland, California in 1966. The Self-Determination Era (1968 - Present). ![]() The Allotment and Assimilation Era (1887 - 1934).Indigenous Peoples' Civil Rights Toggle Dropdown.Immigrant and Refugee Civil Rights Toggle Dropdown.Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act.Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.Civil Rights for the Disabled Toggle Dropdown.Transgender Rights in the United States.The 1990s, "Don't Ask, Don't Tell," and DOMA.National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.The War on Drugs and Mass Incarceration.
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